The Naturalist on the Amazons

#### CONTENTS

Chapter I
PARÁ

Arrival — Aspect of the Country — The Pará River — First Walk in the Suburbs of Pará — Birds, Lizards, and Insects of the Suburbs — Leaf-carrying Ant — Sketch of the Climate, History, and present Condition of Pará.

Chapter II
PARÁ

The Swampy Forests of Pará — A Portuguese Landed Proprietor — Country House at Nazareth — Life of a Naturalist under the Equator — The drier Virgin Forests — Magoary — Retired Creeks — Aborigines.

Chapter III
PARÁ

Religious Holidays — Marmoset Monkeys — Serpents — Insects.

Chapter IV
THE TOCANTINS AND CAMETÁ

Preparations for the Journey — The Bay of Goajará — Grove of Fan-leaved Palms — The lower Tocantins — Sketch of the River — Vista Alegre — Baiao — Rapids — Boat Journey to the Guariba Falls — Native Life on the Tocantins — Second Journey to Cametá.

Chapter V
CARIPÍ AND THE BAY OF MARAJÓ

River Pará and Bay of Marajó — Journey to Caripí — Negro Observance of Christmas — A German Family — Bats — Ant-eaters — Humming-birds — Excursion to the Murucupi — Domestic Life of the Inhabitants — Hunting Excursion with Indians — White Ants.

Chapter VI
THE LOWER AMAZONS — PARÁ TO OBYDOS

Modes of Travelling on the Amazons — Historical Sketch of the Early Explorations of the River — Preparations for Voyage — Life on Board a large Trading Vessel — The narrow Channels joining the Pará to the Amazons — First Sight of the Great River — Gurupá — The Great Shoal — Flat-topped Mountains — Santarem — Obydos.

Chapter VII
THE LOWER AMAZONS — OBYDOS TO MANAOS, OR THE BARRA OF THE RIO NEGRO

Departure from Obydos — River Banks and By-channels — Cacao Planters — Daily Life on Board our Vessel — Great Storm — Sand-island and its Birds — Hill of Parentins — Negro Trader and Mauhes Indians — Villa Nova, its Inhabitants, Forest, and Animal Productions — Cararaucú — A Rustic Festival — Lake of Cararaucú — Motuca Flies — Serpa — Christmas Holidays — River Madeira — A Mameluco Farmer — Mura Indians — Rio Negro — Description of Barra — Descent to Pará — Yellow Fever.

Chapter VIII
SANTAREM

Situation of Santarem — Manners and Customs of the Inhabitants — Climate — Grassy Campos and Woods — Excursions to Mapirí, Mahicá, and Irurá, with Sketches of their Natural History; Palms, Wild Fruit-trees, Mining Wasps, Mason Wasps, Bees, and Sloths.

Chapter IX
VOYAGE UP THE TAPAJOS

Preparations for Voyage — First Day's Sail — Loss of Boat — Altar do Chao — Modes of obtaining Fish — Difficulties with Crew — Arrival at Aveyros — Excursions in the Neighbourhood — White Cebus, and Habits and Dispositions of Cebi Monkeys — Tame Parrot — Missionary Settlement — Entering the River Cuparí — Adventure with Anaconda — Smoke-dried Monkey — Boa-constrictor — Village of Mundurucu Indians, and Incursion of a Wild Tribe — Falls of the Cuparí — Hyacinthine Macaw — Re-emerge into the broad Tapajos — Descent of River to Santarem.

Chapter X
THE UPPER AMAZONS — VOYAGE TO EGA

Departure from Barra — First Day and Night on the Upper Amazons — Desolate Appearance of River in the Flood Season — Cucáma Indians — Mental Condition of Indians — Squalls — Manatee — Forest — Floating Pumice Stones from the Andes — Falling Banks — Ega and its Inhabitants — Daily Life of a Naturalist at Ega — The Four Seasons of the Upper Amazons.

Chapter XI
EXCURSIONS IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF EGA

The River Teffé — Rambles through Groves on the Beach — Excursion to the House of a Passé Chieftain — Character and Customs of the Passé Tribe — First Excursion to the Sand Islands of the Solimoens — Habits of Great River-turtle — Second Excursion — Turtle-fishing in the Inland Pools — Third Excursion — Hunting-rambles with Natives in the Forest — Return to Ega.

Chapter XII
ANIMALS OF THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF EGA

Scarlet-faced Monkeys — Paráuacu Monkey — Owl-faced Night-apes — Marmosets — Jupurá — Bats — Birds — Cuvier's Toucan — Curl-crested Toucan — Insects — Pendulous Cocoons — Foraging Ants — Blind Ants.

Chapter XIII
EXCURSIONS BEYOND EGA

Steamboat Travelling on the Amazons — Passengers — Tunantins — Caishána Indians — The Jutahí — The Sapó — Marauá Indians — Fonte Boa — Journey to St. Paulo — Tucúna Indians — Illness — Descent to Pará — Changes at Pará — Departure for England.

#### LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Saüba or Leaf-carrying Ant
Saüba Ant—Female
Climbing Palm (Desmoncus)
Interior of Primæval Forest on the Amazons
Amphisbæna
Acrosma Arcuatum
Assai Palm (Euterpe Oleracea)
Bird-killing Spider (Mygale Avicularia) attacking Finches
Ant-eater grappling with Dog
Humming-bird and Humming-bird Hawk-moth
Soldiers of different Species of White Ants—Ordinary Shape of Worker—Winged Class
Acari Fish (Loricaria Duodecimalis)
Flat-topped Mountains of Paráua-quára, Lower Amazons
Heliconius Thelxiope—Heliconius Melpomene
Musical Cricket (Chlorocœlus Tananá)
Peuriríma Palm (Bactris)
Peloæus Wasp building Nest
Cells of Trypoxylon Aurifrons
Melipona Bees gathering Clay
The Jacuarú (Teius Teguexim)
Acará (Mesonauta Insignis)
Sarapó (Carapus)—Needle-fish (Hemaramphus)
Bulging-stemmed Palm: Pashiúba Barrigudo (Iriartea Ventricosa)
Uikí Fruit
Pupunha Palm
Blow-gun, Quiver, and Arrow
Surubim (Pimelodus Tigrinus)
Arrow used in Turtle Shooting
Turtle Fishing and Adventure with Alligator
Night Adventure with Alligator
Umbrella Bird
Scarlet-faced and Parauacú Monkeys
Curl-crested Toucan
Adventure with Curl-crested Toucans
Suspended Cocoon of Moth
Sack-bearing Caterpillar (Saccophora)
Foraging Ants (Eciton Drepanophora)
Foraging Ants (Eciton Erratica) constructing a Covered Road—Soldiers sallying out on being disturbed
Masked-dance and Wedding-feast of Tucúna Indians
Map 1
Map 2
Map 3

Title
Chapter I